What's your financial
freedom number?
Choose your lifestyle. Work out what you need invested.
See my numberA few things this number doesn't cover
Tax on withdrawals, investment fees, care costs and how long your money needs to last. Early retirement may also mean years without State Pension and higher transport costs. Use a regulated adviser for a personal plan. GOV.UK: tax on pension income ↗ (opens in a new tab)
Only deduct income available from the start. Keep any pot funding that income out of your progress total. Check your State Pension forecast ↗ (opens in a new tab)
The 4% approach started with historical US research over roughly 30 years: a first-year withdrawal, then inflation adjustments to that cash amount. It isn't a guarantee for a UK investor, a longer retirement or a concentrated small-cap portfolio. Bill Bengen on the 4% rule ↗ (opens in a new tab) · MoneyHelper on drawdown ↗ (opens in a new tab)
Sources & calculation
Spending and other income are after tax, in today’s money. Annual spending = the selected lifestyle or your own budget, plus housing and extras. The spending gap is annual spending less other income, with a minimum of £0. Estimated portfolio = annual spending gap ÷ withdrawal rate. No tax on withdrawals, future inflation or investment growth is included.
Pensions UK/Loughborough University Retirement Living Standards (opens in a new tab) · June 2026 release, based on 2025 costs. The budgets assume retirement-age spending, including free bus travel where available. Add your own housing, care, dependants and pet costs. Terms of use ↗ (opens in a new tab)
PPI: Underpensioned — Analysis of Pensions Wealth data (opens in a new tab) · January 2026, Table 4, page 7; valuation basis on page 9. The underlying ONS survey covers 2020–22; PPI presents these amounts in 2024 earnings terms. Includes valued defined-benefit pensions. Survey estimates are uncertain and aren't a live measure of people your age today.
An illustration, not financial advice or guaranteed income. Investment values can fall and your money could run out. Independent pensions guidance ↗ (opens in a new tab) · Full disclaimer.